The key benefit of specialized retirement accounts are their tax preferences – from the upfront tax deduction and tax-deferred growth of an IRA or 401(k), to the opportunity for tax-free growth from a Roth. Such tax benefits are intended to encourage and incentivize workers to save for retirement, and to make retirement at least a little more affordable. The caveat, though, is that if all the assets are not actually used for retirement, the retirement account – whether an employer retirement plan or an IRA, Roth or traditional – must be unwound, as eventually the Federal government does want to collect its share! Accordingly, IRC Sections 401(a)(9) and 408(a)(6) prescribe a series of somewhat-complex rules to determine exactly how fast a tax-preferenced retirement account must be liquidated after the death of the original owner, allowing the beneficiary in most cases to stretch out the tax impact over time (dubbed the “stretch IRA” strategy).
However, the reality for many couples – particularly single-earner households – is that the retirement account assets may be in only one spouse’s name, even though the savings were intended to support the couple jointly in retirement. And so in recognition of this dynamic, the tax code provides unique preferential treatment for a spouse who is the beneficiary of a retirement account, allowing not only more favorable stretch IRA (and stretch 401(k)) provisions, but also the opportunity for a spousal beneficiary to “roll over” the inherited retirement account and treat it as his/her own.
Yet while the additional flexibility of the spousal stretch IRA and the spousal rollover option are both more favorable than the standard rules for non-spousal beneficiaries of inherited retirement accounts, the special choices that spouses face have unique trade-offs. On the one hand, leaving an inherited IRA as such for a spousal beneficiary obligates him/her to take post-death Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs) – potentially sooner rather than later – but avoids the impact of an early withdrawal penalty. A spousal rollover allows for the use of more favorable RMD tables, and may defer the onset of RMDs until even later, while also providing more favorable treatment for subsequent beneficiaries… but re-introduces the 10% early withdrawal penalty, which may be problematic for younger spousal beneficiaries (under age 59 ½).
Ultimately, the good news is that spousal beneficiaries have the option to make either choice, and even have flexibility about the timing – allowing a decision to maintain an inherited stretch IRA for the spouse initially, and completing a spousal rollover later (after he/she turns age 59 ½). Nonetheless, it’s important to carefully consider the choices and trade-offs… especially since a spousal rollover, once completed, is irrevocable and cannot be undone after the fact!
source https://www.kitces.com/blog/spousal-rollover-stretch-ira-inherited-traditional-roth-401k-rmd/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=spousal-rollover-stretch-ira-inherited-traditional-roth-401k-rmd
No comments:
Post a Comment